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- The natural numbers
- Subtraction of natural numbers and its properties
Subtraction of natural numbers and its properties
Unlike the sum, when subtracting two natural numbers, the first one has to be greater than the second (otherwise you do not get a natural number).
For example, you can do: $12-5$ (since $12$ is greater than $5$), but not $10-40$ (because $10$ is less than $40$).
Therefore, the subtraction does not satisfy the commutative property: we cannot change the order of the terms ina a subtraction. So, whenever we do a subtraction, we must start from the left side and proceed with the subtractions as they come.
If we have:$$10-3-2$$First we must do $10-3 = 7$ and later $7-2 = 5$.
On the other hand, the subtraction does not satisfy the associative property, that is, it is not possible to gather subtractions as please.
For example if you have:$$15-5-7-1$$this has to be done from left to right:
- First: $15-5=10$
- Later: $10-7=3$
- Finally: $3-1=2$, and therefore: $15-5-7-1=2$
It is not possible, for instance, to do the subtraction $7-1$ first, then another, and so on. It has to be in order.